The notion of lifelong learning is reshaping the structural principle according to which learning is organised in the time structures of society. Long periods of time spent in schools are becoming more flexible, with shorter sections of ordered learning times being distributed throughout people’s lives and more flexible transitions taking place between work and learning. The three-phase scheme for working life – training, work and retirement – is becoming more flexible. The LLL concept can be s…
Competence profile of the “specialist in violence” The changing requirements and roles of soldiers 50 years after the first military draft, this article explores the requirements and roles of German Army soldiers over the period 1957 to 2007. The changing competencies and skills required of soldiers must be understood in connection with the profound changes which the German Army has undergone in its transformation from a defence-oriented force to an army actively involved in military missions…
Traumatisation and national emergency semantics. Continuities in educational policy from Sputnik to the PISA shock The successful launch of the Soviet satellite “Sputnik” in the autumn of 1957 had a lasting impact on u.S. educational policy: expenditures on education and science skyrocketed in order to keep up in the technol-ogy race with the Soviet union. this article explores the conditions in which the launch of a satellite led to a profound shock while at the same time analysing the sema…
Foundation of a family as a predetermined breaking point? On the interaction of parenthood and participation in adult education and continuing education Within the context of an empirical longitudinal research project, the processes and turning points of the continuing education practise are documented and discussed in a gender-typical context of life. The survey proves the gender-typical change of the (continuing) education behaviour of men and women when they become fathers and mothers: The …
Quo vadis graduate? First assessment of the BA/MA study location Bochum The contribution looks through experiences in relation to graduates of B.A. and M.A. courses of study in educational science in Bochum. Concerning the bachelor: The graduate quota with 60 per cent is much higher than previous quotas – like in the master course of study. While approximately half of the graduates continue their study in Bochum, others enter the employment market directly. They find employment in the wider s…
Challenges of the Bologna process. New graduations (B.A./M.A.) and the traditional university The contribution enquires for the relation between new B.A./M.A. graduations and the system of traditional universities, which in Germany is closely connected with the name Wilhelm von Humboldt. Because the university has always been having an education function, today’s reform could by all means be legitimised by the classic idea of university. After a brief outline of the Bologna process and under c…
Supporting Projects Replaces Safe-guarding the Infrastructure. Northrine-Westphalian structural change. The state funds of Northrine-Westphalia for further education were reduced from € 120 Mio to € 88 Mio between 2000 and 2007 by governments of different colours. The most recent reduction was carried out while promising € 12 Mio annually out of the European Social Funds (ESF) instead. This rearrangement from institutional base support to project-oriented support is a great challenge for furthe…
Education Programmes under one Roof. The new EU action Programme for Life-long Learning (p. 34-37). The new EU education programme PLL (Programme for life-long learning) aims at combining the previous programmes SOKRATES II and LEONARDO DA VINCI II under the same roof, and hence extends the previous range of opportunities for financial backing through a cross-section programme which enables cooperation outside the boundaries of education. The article gives an overview about the complete program…
